feat(of): Phase 1 of the OF rite module — vocab_of, temporal_of

The first code for a second rite. lib/rites/rite_of/vocab_of implements
the OF's five-way rank vocabulary (Sollemnitas/Festum/Memoria_obligatoria/
Memoria_ad_libitum/Feria) and five-season vocabulary (Advent/Christmas/
Lent/Easter/Ordinary_time), each constructor cited against the 2002
Missale Romanum's Normae universales and the Tabula dierum liturgicorum.
temporal_of implements season boundaries, week numbering — including
Ordinary Time's own two-block resumption, derived from the Missale's own
"HEBDOMADA I/XXXIV 'per annum'" headings and empirically verified across
the whole 1583-9999 domain — named temporal days, and Sunday/ferial
slugs. Both satisfy Colitur_kernel.Temporal.RITE with no kernel change.

No Rite.t is assembled and no CLI wiring is added (Phase 2's own scope);
lib/rites/rite_ef and data/ef are untouched, verified byte-identical
against the v1.0.0 tag across a domain-spanning sample.

test/test_temporal_of.ml adds unit tests for every boundary and named day
plus seven QCheck properties (seasons contiguous, Ordinary Time weeks in
1..34, Advent always four Sundays, slug uniqueness, weekday agreement,
determinism, consecutive liturgical years partition civil time), with a
committed exhaustive sweep mirroring test_validate.ml's own convention.

Full account, including the Ordinary Time derivation's evidence and a
list of EF concepts that do not carry over, in
.superpowers/sdd/of-phase1-report.md (untracked, gitignored).

1 files changed, 58 insertions, 0 deletions

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+(** OF (post-1970) season and rank vocabulary. *)
+
+type season =
+  | Advent
+  | Christmas
+  | Lent
+  | Easter
+  | Ordinary_time
+[@@deriving sexp]
+
+(** Normae universales de anno liturgico et de calendario (Missale Romanum
+    editio typica tertia, 2002), Titulus I ("De diebus liturgicis"), and the
+    Institutio Generalis Missalis Romani (IGMR) n. 346's own colour-rule
+    prose, both cite the four graded celebrations by these exact names: a
+    Sunday-or-weekday MYSTERY of the Lord that ranks above everything else
+    ([Sollemnitas]), a lesser but still universally-binding celebration
+    ([Festum]), a saint's day the calendar obliges everyone to keep
+    ([Memoria_obligatoria]), and one a community may keep or not
+    ([Memoria_ad_libitum]).
+
+    A FIFTH constructor, [Feria], is added beyond those four -- not a fifth
+    grade on the same scale, but a different kind of thing: an ordinary
+    weekday carries none of the four (Normae Titulus I.IV n. 16 calls these
+    days "feriae", never a "celebratio" of any grade), yet
+    {!Colitur_kernel.Celebration.t} requires a [rank] on every day the way
+    {!Colitur_kernel.Vocab_ef}'s own catch-all [Class4] does for EF. Ferias
+    are graded for PRECEDENCE (privileged Lenten/Advent ferias outrank an
+    ordinary one, per the Tabula dierum liturgicorum's own entries 2, 9 and
+    13) but that grading is a {!Colitur_kernel.Precedence.rules.band} table
+    lookup (Phase 2), not a distinct [rank] value -- unlike EF, where
+    [Class2]/[Class3]/[Class4] carry a privileged feria's own grade directly.
+    See vocab_of.ml's own top-of-file comment for the primary-source
+    citations and the design decision this rests on. *)
+type rank =
+  | Sollemnitas
+  | Festum
+  | Memoria_obligatoria
+  | Memoria_ad_libitum
+  | Feria
+[@@deriving sexp]
+
+val seasons : season list
+val ranks : rank list
+val season_to_string : season -> string
+val season_of_string : string -> season option
+
+(** The word used when building a slug: lowercase, hyphenated, e.g.
+    ["ordinary-time"] for [Ordinary_time]. Unlike {!Colitur_kernel.Vocab_ef
+    .season_slug_word}, this is not adopted from any external lectionary --
+    OF has no bootstrapped-from-lectio slug legacy to preserve -- so it is
+    simply {!season_to_string}'s own hyphenated image; kept as a separate
+    function anyway so a future divergence (a real lectionary source using
+    different words) does not require renaming every call site. *)
+val season_slug_word : season -> string
+
+val rank_to_string : rank -> string
+val rank_of_string : string -> rank option
+val vocab : (season, rank) Colitur_kernel.Vocab.t